How does social identity affect group behavior?

• A. Encourages individuality within groups
• B. Increases collaboration among diverse groups
• C. Leads to in-group favoritism and out-group discrimination
• D. Reduces intergroup conflicts

Answer: (C)

Social identity significantly influences group behavior by creating a sense of belonging among members of a group. When individuals identify strongly with their social group, they tend to exhibit in-group favoritism, which is the preference for and favorable treatment of their group over others. This favoritism can manifest in various ways, such as increased trust, support, and collaboration among group members. At the same time, it can lead to out-group discrimination, where members of the in-group may hold negative attitudes or exhibit hostility toward those outside their group. This phenomenon is rooted in the desire to enhance one’s own group's status and cohesion, often at the expense of others. In essence, social identity shapes behaviors by reinforcing group norms and by influencing how individuals perceive and interact with those who belong to different social groups.